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RH Antibody Titre (Qualitative)/Anti D Titre.
Rh Antibody Screening Test
Sample Type
blood
Fasting Required
No
Description
This test measures the presence and level of Rh antibodies in the blood. It is used to detect antibodies against Rh-positive red blood cells, which is crucial in pregnancy management and blood transfusion compatibility.
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How our test process works!
Overview
The Rh Antibody Titre (Anti-D Titre) test is used to detect and measure the presence of anti-D antibodies in the blood. These antibodies develop in Rh-negative individuals when exposed to Rh-positive blood, typically during pregnancy or after a blood transfusion. This test helps assess the risk of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) in pregnant women and monitor alloimmunization in transfusion recipients.
Risk Assessment
- Pregnancy:
- If an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus, maternal immune response may produce anti-D antibodies, which can cross the placenta and destroy fetal red blood cells, causing hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).
- Early detection helps guide treatment, including Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) administration to prevent sensitization.
- Blood Transfusion:
- Rh-negative patients who receive Rh-positive blood may develop alloimmunization, leading to hemolytic reactions in future transfusions.
Normal Range
- Negative or less than 1:4 is typically considered normal (no sensitization).
- Values above this threshold suggest the presence of anti-D antibodies and require monitoring.
Interpretation of Results
- Negative / Undetectable Titre:
- No anti-D antibodies present.
- In pregnancy, this suggests no alloimmunization, and RhIg prophylaxis may be needed.
- Low Titre (≤1:4 to 1:8):
- Minimal antibody levels, usually not concerning but requires monitoring.
- Moderate Titre (1:16 to 1:32):
- Indicates possible sensitization. Further monitoring is needed to assess fetal risk.
- High Titre (≥1:64):
- Suggests significant alloimmunization with increased risk of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN).
- Requires close monitoring with Doppler ultrasound for fetal anemia and possible interventions (e.g., intrauterine transfusion).
Sample Type
- Specimen: Venous blood
- Sample Container: Red-top tube or EDTA (purple-top) tube
- Processing: Serum or plasma is analyzed using indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) or serial dilution titration.
Frequently Asked Question
The RH Antibody Titre test is a laboratory test that detects and measures the presence of anti-D antibodies in the blood. It is primarily used for pregnant women who are Rh-negative to check if their immune system has developed antibodies against Rh-positive red blood cells.
This test is performed to:
Monitor Rh-negative pregnant women for Rh sensitization, which can harm the fetus.
Determine if a pregnant woman requires Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg or RhoGAM) to prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).
Assess the antibody level in people who have received multiple blood transfusions.
Pregnant women who are Rh-negative to check if they have developed anti-D antibodies.
Patients receiving frequent blood transfusions (e.g., those with sickle cell disease or thalassemia).
Individuals with autoimmune conditions that affect red blood cells.
A healthcare provider will draw a small blood sample from a vein, usually in the arm. The sample is then tested in a lab for the presence and level of anti-D antibodies.
Negative (Undetectable Titre): No Rh antibodies are present, meaning the person has not been sensitized.
Positive (Detectable Titre): The presence of anti-D antibodies, which may indicate Rh sensitization. Higher titres suggest an increased risk of complications.
If a pregnant woman tests positive, her doctor will monitor the antibody levels closely. If titres increase, further tests like Doppler ultrasound may be needed to assess fetal health. In severe cases, the baby may require intrauterine transfusion or early delivery.
Yes. If an Rh-negative woman has not yet developed antibodies, she can receive an Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) injection (e.g., RhoGAM) at:
28 weeks of pregnancy
Within 72 hours after delivery if the baby is Rh-positive
After any event where fetal blood might mix with maternal blood (e.g., miscarriage, amniocentesis, abdominal trauma)
If the initial test is negative, it may be repeated around 28 weeks of pregnancy.
If positive, antibody titres are monitored regularly (every 2-4 weeks) to track any increase in levels.
Report in 24 hours
Booked 6 times
RH Antibody Titre (Qualitative)/Anti D Titre.
Rh Antibody Screening Test
Offered by other labs
Sample Type
blood
Fasting Required
No
Description
This test measures the presence and level of Rh antibodies in the blood. It is used to detect antibodies against Rh-positive red blood cells, which is crucial in pregnancy management and blood transfusion compatibility.
Covid Safety
Assured
Free Report
Counselling