Introduction
Avlomox PD is a penicillin-type of antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It is effective in infections of the throat, ear, nasal sinuses, respiratory tract (eg. pneumonia), urinary tract, skin and soft tissue, and typhoid fever.
Avlomox PD is also used to prevent infection of the heart valves (bacterial endocarditis) in people with pre-existing heart disease. Additionally, it helps to eliminate a bacteria known as H. pylori in people with peptic ulcer disease. It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that fights and stops the growth of many types of bacteria. This medicine is best taken with a meal to reduce the chance of a stomach upset. You should take it regularly at evenly spaced intervals as per the schedule prescribed by your doctor. Taking it at the same time every day will help you to remember to take it.
Do not skip any doses and finish the full course of treatment even if you feel better. Stopping the medicine too early may lead to the infection returning or worsening. The total duration of treatment and precise dosage will be decided by your doctor, depending on the type of infection that you have and how well you respond to the medication.
Before taking this medicine, inform your doctor if you are allergic to penicillin or any penicillin-type of medicine. Rash, vomiting, allergic reactions, nausea and diarrhea may be seen as side effects in some patients. These are temporary and usually resolve quickly. Consult your doctor if any of these side effects persist or if your condition worsens. This medicine is generally regarded as safe to use during pregnancy if used under a doctor's supervision.
Side effects of Avlomox PD
Common
- Rash
- Vomiting
- Allergic reaction
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
How to use Avlomox PD
Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Do not chew, crush or break it. Avlomox PD may be taken with or without food, but it is better to take it at a fixed time.
How Avlomox PD works
Avlomox PD is an antibiotic. It kills bacteria by preventing them from forming the bacterial protective covering (cell wall) which is needed for them to survive.
Indication
Adult: PO Susceptible infections 250-500 mg 8 hrly. Uncomplicated gonorrhoea W/ probenecid: 3 g as a single dose. Dental abscesses 3 g, repeat once 8 hr later.
Uncomplicated acute UTI 3 g, repeat once 10-12 hr later. Prophylaxis of endocarditis 2 or 3 g as a single dose, 1 hr before dental procedure.
Severe or recurrent resp tract infections 3 g twice daily.
H.pylori infection W/ either metronidazole or clarithromycin and a bismuth compound or an antisecretory drug: 500 mg 3 times/day.
IV/IM Susceptible infections 500 mg 8 hrly. Listerial meningitis W/ other antibiotics: 2 g 4 hrly for 10-14 days.
Administration
May reduce the efficacy of OC. May increase the effect of anticoagulants. Increased risk of allergic reactions w/ allopurinol. Increased and prolonged blood levels w/ probenecid. Chloramphenicol, macrolides, sulfonamides and tetracyclines may interfere w/ the bactericidal effect of amoxicillin.
Adult Dose
Renal and hepatic disease; pregnancy, lactation; infectious mononucleosis.
Lactation: Excreted in breast milk, use caution
Renal Dose
Amoxicillin inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell wall by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis resulting in bacterial lysis.
Contraindication
Child: PO Standard dose: 40–45 mg/kg/day q8-12h
High dose: 80–90 mg/kg/day, max 4 g/day q12h
150 mg/kg/day div q8h for penicillin-resistant S pneumoniae otitis media
Mode of Action
May be taken with or without food. May be taken w/ meals for better absorption & to reduce GI discomfort.
Precaution
Bacterial infections, Pharyngitis, Acute otitis media, Acute bacterial sinusitis, Endocarditis, Anthrax, Chlamydial cervicitis, Chlamydial urethritis, Lyme disease, Dental abscess, Salmonellosis,Typhoid fever, Acute Uncomplicated gonorrhea, Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract, Skin and Skin Structure, Genitourinary Tract, Ear, Nose, Throat
Side Effect
Renal impairment: Patients on haemodialysis should receive 250-500 mg every 24 hr and an additional dose during and after each dialysis session.
CrCl (ml/min)
10-30 250-500 mg every 12 hr.
<10 250-500 mg every 24 hr.
Pregnancy Category Note
Hyperactivity, agitation, insomnia, dizziness; maculopapular rash, exfoliative dermatitis, urticaria, hypersensitivity vasculitis; diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting; anaemia, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, agranulocytosis.
Potentially Fatal: Neuromuscular hypersensitivity; pseudomembranous colitis.
Interaction
Hypersensitivity
