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Safety Advices
বাংলা
English
CAUTION
Caution is advised when consuming alcohol with Zidovudine. Please consult your doctor.
CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR
Zidovudine may be unsafe to use during pregnancy. Although there are limited studies in humans, animal studies have shown harmful effects on the developing baby. Your doctor will weigh the benefits and any potential risks before prescribing it to you. Please consult your doctor.
SAFE IF PRESCRIBED
Zidovudine is probably safe to use during breastfeeding. Limited human data suggests that the drug does not represent any significant risk to the baby.
UNSAFE
Zidovudine may decrease alertness, affect your vision or make you feel sleepy and dizzy. Do not drive if these symptoms occur.
CAUTION
Zidovudine should be used with caution in patients with severe kidney disease. Dose adjustment of Zidovudine may be needed. Please consult your doctor.
CAUTION
Zidovudine should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Dose adjustment of Zidovudine may be needed. Please consult your doctor.
Use of Zidovudine is not recommended in patients with moderate to severe liver disease.
Medicine Overview of Zidovudine 50mg/5ml Syrup
Introduction
Zidovudine belongs to a group of medicines called antiretrovirals. It is used to treat HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), the virus that can cause AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). It helps to control HIV infection so your immune system can work better. Zidovudine is not a cure for HIV or AIDS and only helps to decrease the amount of HIV in your body. This helps to lower your risk of getting HIV-related complications and improves your lifespan. It is prescribed in combination with other HIV medicines. Your doctor will recommend the best medicines for you and will decide the doses that you...
... Show moreUses of Zidovudine
- HIV infection
Side effects of Zidovudine
Common
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Decreased appetite
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Muscle pain
How to use Zidovudine
Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Do not chew, crush or break it. Zidovudine may be taken with or without food, but it is better to take it at a fixed time.
How Zidovudine works
Zidovudine is an antiviral medication. It prevents the multiplication of virus in human cells. This stops the virus from producing new viruses and clears up your infection.
What if you forget to take Zidovudine?
If you miss a dose of Zidovudine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Quick Tips
- In combination with other medicines, it is used for the treatment of HIV infections.
- Take it with food, as this increases the absorption of the medicine into the body.
- Zidovudine may cause dizziness or sleepiness. Do not drive or do anything requiring concentration until you know how it affects you.
- You may still develop infections or other illnesses associated with viral infection while taking this medication.
- You can also pass on HIV or HBV to others. Don't share needles or personal items that can have blood or body fluids on them.
- During treatment and for at least six months after stopping this medicine, regular blood tests are needed to monitor your liver function, level of hepatitis B virus and blood cells in your blood.
Brief Description
Indication
Cancer therapy-induced hyperuricaemia, HIV infection
Administration
May be taken with or without food.
IV Preparation
Dilute to not to exceed 4 mg/mL w/ D5W
IV Administration
Infuse over 1 hr
Adult Dose
HIV Infection 300 mg PO q12hr OR 200 mg PO q8hr (600 mg/day) IV: 1 mg/kg/dose 5-6x/day Maternal Dosing to Prevent Fetal HIV Transmission FDA-approved regimen 100 mg PO 5x/day until start of labor, in combination with other ART agents During labor and delivery: 2 mg/kg IV over 1 hr, THEN 1 mg/kg/hr IV continuous infusion until umbilical cord clamping NIH perinatal guidelines Indicated during labor and delivery for women who have received antepartum ART and their HIV RNA levels are >400 copies/mL, or in women who have not received antepartum ART 2 mg/kg IV loading dose infused over 1...
... Show moreChild Dose
HIV Infection, Treatment
4 weeks-18 years
240 mg/m² PO q12hr or 160 mg/m² PO q8hr, OR use mg/kg dosing
4 to 9 to 30 kg: 300 mg PO q12hr or 200 mg PO TID
IV intermittent infusion: 120 mg/m² IV q6h
IV continuous infusion: 20 mg/m²/hr IV
HIV Perinatal Transmission Prevention
Indicated to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in all HIV-exposed infants
FDA approved regimen
2 mg/kg PO q6hr or 1.5 mg/kg IV q6hr
NIH perinatal guidelines
30 to 35 weeks’ gestation: 4 mg/kg PO or 3 mg/kg IV BID x6 weeks
Renal Dose
Renal Impairment
CrCl < 15 mL/min (maintained on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis): 100 mg PO or 1 mg/kg IV q6-8 hr; alternatively 100 mg PO qDay or 300 mg/day PO
Contraindication
Hypersensitivity; abnormally low neutrophil counts (5 times the ULN. Lactation. Concomitant use w/ interferon alfa (w/ or w/o ribavirin) in HIV and hepatitis B or C virus co-infected patients.
Mode of Action
Zidovudine is a thymidine analogue. It is phosphorylated in the body to its active form zidovudine triphosphate which interferes in DNA synthesis of retroviruses by inhibiting DNA replication. Zidovudine inhibits the key enzyme reverse transcriptase. Human DNA polymerase is inhibited only at a conc 100 times more than that required to inhibit viral reverse transcriptase.
Precaution
Severe renal and hepatic impairment. Childn. Pregnancy. Monitoring Parameters Monitor viral load, CD4 count; CBC w/ differential, LFT, lipid, glucose. Observe for appearance of opportunistic infection.
Side Effect
>10%
Anemia (23% in children),Anorexia (11%),Diarrhea (17%),Fever (16%),Granulocytopenia (39% in children),Headache, severe (42%),Leukopenia (39%),Nausea (46-61%),Pain (20%),Rash (17%),Vomiting (6-25%),Weakness (19%)
1-10%
Malaise (8%),Dizziness (6%),Insomnia (5%),Somnolence (8%),Hyperpigmentation of nails (bluish-brown),Dyspepsia (5%),Changes in platelet count,Paresthesia (6%)
Potentially Fatal: Lactic acidosis, severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, hepatotoxicity. Blood dyscrasias, e.g. serious anaemia (may require transfusion), neutropenia, leucopenia.
Interaction
Decreased zidovudine concentration with tipranavir. Increased risk of peripheral neuropathy with bortezomib. Increased haematological toxicity with IV pentamidine, lamivudine, dapsone, vancomycin flucytosine, amphotericin, ganciclovir, interferon alfa, cyclophosphamide and other bone marrow suppressive or cytotoxic agents Increased risk of zidovudine toxicity with atovaquone, chloramphenicol, fluconazole, valproate. Decreased absorption with clarithromycin, minimise interactions by admin at least 2 hours apart. Increased zidovudine concentration and increased potential for hypersensitivity reactions with probenecid. Increased zidovudine clearance and haematological toxicity with rifampicin. Increased bioavailability of zidovudine with nimodipine. Increased incidences of headache with benzodiazepines. Possible increase in zidovudine concentration with methadone. Potentially Fatal: Avoid stavudine...
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