Introduction
Moxquin 400 IV is an antibiotic, used in the treatment of bacterial infections. It is also used in treating infections of the urinary tract, nose, throat, skin and soft tissues and lungs (pneumonia). It cures the infection by stopping further growth of the causative microorganisms.
Moxquin 400 IV is given as an injection into a vein (intravenous), in cases where oral administration is not possible, such as in hospitalised or unconscious patients. It is administered by a healthcare professional. Kindly do not self administer. Avoid skipping any doses and finish the full course of treatment even if you feel better.
Some people may have a headache, dizziness, nausea, and diarrhea as side effects of this medicine. You may also notice some injection site reactions like pain, swelling or redness. These are usually temporary and resolve on their own, but please consult your doctor if these side effects persist for a longer duration. Diarrhea may occur as a side effect but should stop when your course is complete. Inform your doctor if it does not stop or if you find blood in your stools.
You should not take this medicine if you are allergic to any of its ingredients. Special care should be taken in people with kidney problems while taking this medicine.
Side effects of Moxquin 400 IV
Common
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
How to use Moxquin 400 IV
Your doctor or nurse will give you this medicine. Kindly do not self-administer.
How Moxquin 400 IV works
Moxquin 400 IV is an antibiotic. It works by stopping the action of a bacterial enzyme called DNA-gyrase. This prevents the bacterial cells from dividing and repairing, thereby killing them.
What if you forget to take Moxquin 400 IV?
If you miss a dose of Moxquin 400 IV, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Indication
Community Acquired Pneumonia, Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis, Acute Bacterial Sinusitis, Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infection, Uncomplicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections, Complicated Skin and Skin Structure Infections, Typhoid Fever.
Administration
IV Preparation
No further dilution of infusion solution is necessary
IV Administration
Infuse over 1 hour
Adult Dose
Moxifloxacin 400 mg IV infusion can be administered intravenously once daily for 5-21 days, depending on the condition.
The duration of therapy depends on the type of infection as described bellow-
Intravenous
Acute bacterial sinusitis
Adult: 400 mg once daily infused over 60 min for 10 days.
Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
Adult: 400 mg once daily infused over 60 min for 5 days.
Community-acquired pneumonia
Adult: 400 mg once daily infused over 60 min for 7-14 days.
Skin and skin structure infections
Adult: Complicated: 400 mg once daily for 7-21 days; uncomplicated: 400 mg once daily for 7 days. Doses to be infused over 60 min.
Intra-abdominal infections
Adult: 400 mg once daily infused over 60 min for 5-14 days. May change to oral therapy when clinically appropriate.
Elderly:
No adjustment of dosage is required in the elderly.
Child Dose
<18 years: Safety and efficacy not established
Contraindication
Known hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin, other quinolones. Patients w/ known prolongation of QT interval, uncorrected hypokalaemia, myasthenia gravis. Concurrent use of class Ia (e.g.quinidine, procainamide, class III (e.g. amiodarone, sotalol) antiarrhythmic drugs or w/ other drugs that prolong QT interval (e.g. erythromycin, TCAs, antipsychotic agents).
Mode of Action
Moxifloxacin inhibits the topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV required for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair and recombination.
Precaution
Maintain adequate fluid intake; Patient w/ previous tendon disorders (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis), significant bradycardia or acute myocardial ischaemia, heart failure w/ reduced LVEF, known history of symptomatic arrhythmias, known or suspected CNS disorders (e.g. severe cerebral arteriosclerosis, epilepsy) or other risk factors that predispose to seizures; diabetes. Kidney, heart or lung transplant recipients. Hepatic impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.
Patient Counselling This drug may cause dizziness and lightheadedness, if affected do not drive or operate machinery. Rest and refrain from doing strenuous physical activity as it may increase risk of tendon rupture. Avoid exposure to sunlight or artificial UV light (e.g. tanning beds, UVA/UVB treatment) and use protective measures (e.g. sunscreen, wear loose-fitting clothes) if staying outdoors is necessary during therapy. Monitoring Parameters Monitor WBC and signs of infection.
Side Effect
1-10%
Nausea (7%),Diarrhea (6%),Dizziness (3%),Decreased amylase (2%),Decreased basophils, eosinophils, hemoglobin, prothrombin time, red blood cells, neutrophils (2%),Decreased serum glucose (2%),Increased serum chloride (2%),Increased serum ionized calcium (2%),Immune hypersensitivity reaction (0.1-2%),Prolonged QT interval (0.1-2%)
<1%
Acute renal failure,Agranulocytosis,Anaphylactoid reaction,Aplastic anemia,Extrinsic allergic alveolitis,Hemolytic anemia,Hepatic failure,Hepatic necrosis,Hepatitis,Pancytopenia,Seizure,Serum sickness due to drug,Stevens-Johnson syndrome,Tendon rupture, tendinitis,Thrombocytopenia,Torsades de pointes,Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Interaction
Additive effect on QT interval prolongation w/ other drugs that prolong QT interval (e.g. erythromycin, TCAs, antipsychotic agents). Decreased absorption and bioavailability w/ Al- or Mg-containing antacids, or Fe or Zn preparations. Concomitant use of corticosteroids increases the risk of severe tendon disorders esp in elderly (>60 yr). Decreased absorption w/ sucralfate or didanosine.
Potentially Fatal: Concurrent use of class Ia (e.g. quinidine, procainamide) or III (e.g. amiodarone, sotalol) antiarrhythmic drugs or w/ other drugs that prolong QT interval (e.g. erythromycin, TCAs, antipsychotic agents) may cause additive effect on QT interval prolongation.
