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Epival
Unimed Unihealth Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Generic: Sodium Valproate (valproic acid)
Safety Advices
বাংলা
English
UNSAFE
It is unsafe to consume alcohol with Epival.
CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR
Epival is unsafe to use during pregnancy as there is definite evidence of risk to the developing baby. However, the doctor may rarely prescribe it in some life-threatening situations if the benefits are more than the potential risks. Please consult your doctor.
SAFE IF PRESCRIBED
Epival is safe to use during breastfeeding. Human studies suggest that the drug does not pass into the breastmilk in a significant amount and is not harmful to the baby.
UNSAFE
Epival may decrease alertness, affect your vision or make you feel sleepy and dizzy. Do not drive if these symptoms occur.
SAFE IF PRESCRIBED
Epival is probably safe to use in patients with kidney disease. Limited data available suggests that dose adjustment of Epival may not be needed in these patients. Please consult your doctor.
However, talk to your doctor if you have any underlying kidney disease.
CAUTION
Epival should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Dose adjustment of Epival may be needed. Please consult your doctor.
Use of Epival is not recommended in patients with severe liver disease and active liver disease.
Medicine Overview of Epival 250mg/5ml Syrup
Introduction
Epival is a combination of two medicines used to treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder in which there are recurrent episodes of seizures or fits. It controls the abnormal activity of the brain, relaxes the nerves and hence, prevents seizures or fits. Epival should be taken with food. Your doctor will decide the correct dose for you. This may increase gradually until your condition is stable. This medicine may take several weeks to work but it is important to take it regularly to get the benefit. Do not stop taking it, even if you feel fine unless your doctor advises you...
... Show moreUses of Epival
- Epilepsy
Side effects of Epival
Common
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Weight gain
- Loss of appetite
- Gum swelling
- Headache
- Sleepiness
- Tremor
- Hair loss
- Liver injury
How to use Epival
Take this medicine in the dose and duration as advised by your doctor. Swallow it as a whole. Do not chew, crush or break it. Epival is to be taken with food.
How Epival works
Epival is a combination of two antiepileptic medicines: Sodium Valproate and Valproic Acid. They work together to control seizures or fits by decreasing the abnormal and excessive activity of the nerve cells in the brain.
Quick Tips
- You have been prescribed Encorate Chrono 500 Tablet CR for treatment and prevention of seizures.
- Take it at the same time every day to maintain consistent levels in your body.
- Do not drive or do anything that requires mental focus until you know how Encorate Chrono 500 Tablet CR affects you.
- Avoid consuming alcohol when taking Encorate Chrono 500 Tablet CR, as it may cause excessive sleepiness or drowsiness.
- Monitor your weight during the treatment as Encorate Chrono 500 Tablet CR can cause weight gain.
- Your doctor may monitor Encorate Chrono 500 Tablet CR level, blood counts and liver function regularly throughout your treatment. Inform your doctor if you develop fever, stomach pain, nausea or yellowing of your eyes or skin.
- Do not take Encorate Chrono 500 Tablet CR if you are pregnant or planning to conceive or breastfeeding.
- Do not stop taking the medication suddenly without talking to your doctor as it may increase the seizure frequency.
Brief Description
Indication
Epilepsy, e.g. Partial seizures, Absence seizures (petit mal), Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal), Myoclonic seizures, Atonic seizures, Mixed seizures, Anxiety disorder, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Febrile convulsion, Anorexia nervosa, Panic attack, Migraine, bipolar disorder.
Adult Dose
Oral Complex Partial Seizures Indicated as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy for complex partial seizures that occur either in isolation or in association with other types of seizures PO: 10-15 mg/kg/day initially; increase by 5-10 mg/kg/day at weekly intervals; may increase dose up to 60 mg/kg/day Simple & Complex Absence Seizures Also indicated for use as sole and adjunctive therapy in the treatment of simple and complex absence seizures, and adjunctively in patients with multiple seizure types that include absence seizures PO: 15 mg/kg/day initially, divided q6-12hr; increase by 5-10 mg/kg/day at weekly intervals; may increase dose up to 60 mg/kg/day...
... Show moreChild Dose
10 years
250 mg PO q12hr; adjust dose based on clinical response up to 1000 mg/day
Renal Dose
Renal impairment
No adjustment necessary
Contraindication
Preexisting or family history of hepatic dysfunction, active liver disease, porphyria; mitochondrial and urea cycle disorders. Hepatic impairment. Pregnancy.
Mode of Action
Valproate is a generic term used to describe valproic acid, its salts and derivatives. It is available in various forms including the sodium salts (valproate semisodium and sodium valproate), the amide derivative (valpromide), or as valproic acid. Valproate is a carboxylic acid anticonvulsant. It has been suggested that its antiepileptic activity is related to increased brain levels of ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
Precaution
Increased risk of hepatotoxicity in childn <2 yr, congenital metabolic disorders, organic brain disease or severe seizure disorders. HIV or cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection; SLE. Decrease dose or discontinue in patients w/ excessive somnolence, decreased food or fluid intake. Gradual withdrawal or transition to and from another type of antiepileptic therapy. Suspect hyperammonemic encephalopathy and measure ammonia levels in patients who develop unexplained lethargy, vomiting or changes in mental status. Immobilised patients or those who have insufficient sun exposure or calcium intake should consider vitamin supplementation. Decrease GI side effects by taking w/ meals, starting w/ low dose or taking the...
... Show moreSide Effect
>10%
Nausea (31%),Headache (<31%),Increased bleeding time (26-30%),Thrombocytopenia (26-30%),Tremor (25%),Alopecia (<24%),Asthenia (16-20%),Infection (16-20%),Somnolence (16-20%),Amblyopia (11-15%),Diarrhea (11-15%),Diplopia (11-15%),Dizziness (11-15%),Dyspepsia (11-15%),Nystagmus (11-15%),Tinnitus (11-15%),Vomiting (11-15%)
1-10%
Ataxia (<8%),Increased appetite (<6%),Rash (<6%),Abdominal pain (<5%),Tremor (<5%),Back pain (<5%),Mood changes (<5%),Anxiety (<5%),Confusion (<5%),Abnormal gait (<5%),Paresthesia (<5%),Hallucinations (<5%),Catatonia (<5%),Dysarthria (<5%),Tardive dyskinesia (<5%),Vertigo (<5%),Irregular menses (<5%),Weight gain (4%)
Frequency Not Defined
Anorexia,Acute pancreatitis (may be life-threatening),Hepatic toxicity,Hyperammonemia,Weight loss,Fractures,Osteoporosis,Osteopenia,Decreased bone mineral density,Cerebral pseudoatrophy
Interaction
Increased risk of toxicity w/ bupropion. Increased risk of convulsions w/ mefloquine. Increased risk of carnitine deficiency w/ pivmecillinam and pivampicillin. Increased risk of hepatotoxicity and carbamazepine toxicity w/ a decrease in valproic acid levels w/ concurrent carbamazepine. Decreased valproic acid and increased ethosuximide serum levels w/ ethosuximide. Decreased valproic acid levels w/ carbapenems, rifampicin, phenytoin, phenobarbital (or primidone) and antineoplastic drug regimens. Increased valproic acid levels w/ felbamate and aspirin. Increased risk of hepatotoxicity w/ olanzepine. Concurrent use increased phenobarbital, nimodipine, nifedipine, lamotrigine, zidovudine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline and benzodiazepines levels. Concurrent use decreased tigabine and clozapine levels. Increased risk of...
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