The test categorizes WBCs into five types, each with specific roles and clinical significance:

Neutrophils:
- Increased: Bacterial infections, inflammation, stress, corticosteroid use.
- Decreased: Viral infections, bone marrow suppression, chemotherapy.
Lymphocytes:
- Increased: Viral infections (e.g., mononucleosis), chronic infections, leukemia.
- Decreased: Immunodeficiency (HIV/AIDS), corticosteroids, chemotherapy.
Monocytes:
- Increased: Chronic inflammatory diseases (e.g., tuberculosis, endocarditis).
- Decreased: Bone marrow disorders, immune suppression.
Eosinophils:
- Increased: Allergic reactions, parasitic infections, asthma.
- Decreased: Acute stress, steroid use.
Basophils:
- Increased: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), allergies, hypothyroidism.
- Decreased: Acute hypersensitivity reactions, hyperthyroidism, stress.