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Vitamin A deficiency, Night blindness, Xerophthalmia
Administration
Should be taken with food.
Adult Dose
Oral
Vitamin A deficiency
Adult: For severe deficiency with corneal changes: 500,000 units daily for 3 days, followed by 50,000 units daily for 2 wk and then 10,000-20,000 units daily for 2 mth as follow-up therapy. For cases with corneal changes: 10,000-25,000 units daily until clinical improvement occurs (usually 1-2 wk).
Child Dose
Oral
Vitamin A deficiency
Child: In children with xerophthalmia: 5000 units/kg daily for 5 days or until recovery occurs.
Vitamin A plays an essential role in the function of retina and is essential for growh and differentiation of epithelial tissue.
Precaution
Cholestatic jaundice; fat-malabsorption conditions. Monitor patients closely for toxicity. Liver impairment and children.
Side Effect
Hypervitaminosis A characterised by fatigue, irritability, anorexia, weight loss, vomiting and other GI disturbances, low-grade fever, hepatosplenomegaly, skin changes, alopoecia, dry hair, cracking and bleeding lips, SC swelling, nocturia, pains in bones and joints.
Interaction
Decreased absorption with neomycin. Increased risk of hypervitaminosis A with synthetic retinoids eg, acitretin, isotretinoin and tretinoin. Increased risk of toxicity when used with alcohol.
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