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Gemzar
Eli Lilly and Company
Generic: Gemcitabine
Safety Advices
বাংলা
English
UNSAFE
Gemzar may cause excessive drowsiness with alcohol.
CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR
Gemzar is unsafe to use during pregnancy as there is definite evidence of risk to the developing baby. However, the doctor may rarely prescribe it in some life-threatening situations if the benefits are more than the potential risks. Please consult your doctor.
UNSAFE
Gemzar is unsafe to use during breastfeeding. Data suggests that the drug may cause toxicity to the baby.
UNSAFE
Gemzar may decrease alertness, affect your vision or make you feel sleepy and dizzy. Do not drive if these symptoms occur.
CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR
There is limited information available on the use of Gemzar in patients with kidney disease. Please consult your doctor.
Kidney function tests are advised before taking this medicine and regular monitoring is also recommended after the treatment.
CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR
There is limited information available on the use of Gemzar in patients with liver disease. Please consult your doctor.
Medicine Overview of Gemzar 200mg/vial Injection
Introduction
Gemzar is used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, urinary bladder cancer, and ovarian cancer. Gemzar is given as an injection by a qualified medical professional. Your doctor will decide what dose is necessary and how often you need to take it. This will depend on what you are being treated for and may change from time to time. You should take it exactly as your doctor has advised. Taking it in the wrong way or taking too much can cause very serious side effects. It may take several weeks or months for you...
... Show moreUses of Gemzar
- Non-small cell lung cancer
- Breast cancer
- Pancreatic cancer
- Urinary bladder cancer
- Ovarian cancer
Side effects of Gemzar
Common
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Loss of appetite
- Hair loss
- Low blood platelets
- Allergic reaction
- Breathlessness
- Decreased white blood cell count
- Increased liver enzymes
- Anemia (low number of red blood cells)
- Flu-like symptoms
- Blood in urine
- Skin rash
- Protein in urine
How to use Gemzar
Your doctor or nurse will give you this medicine. Kindly do not self administer.
How Gemzar works
Gemzar interferes with the growth of DNA and RNA of the cancer cells by substituting their building blocks. It prevents the cancer cells from growing and multiplying.
Quick Tips
- Use a reliable contraceptive method to prevent pregnancy while you are taking this medicine.
- Inform your doctor immediately if you notice any signs of infection such as fever, sore throat, rash or severe diarrhea.
Brief Description
Indication
Lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, ovarian carcinoma
Administration
IV Preparation
Reconstitute 200 mg vial with 5 mL 0.9% NaCl OR 1000 mg vial with 25 mL 0.9% NaCl
IV Administration
For IV infusion only
Concentrated injection (10 mg/mL) must be diluted to 2 mg/mL prior to administration
Infuse over 30 min
Avoid rapid infusions
Adult Dose
Pancreatic Cancer Indicated as first-line treatment for locally advanced (nonresectable Stage II or Stage III) or metastatic (Stage IV) adenocarcinoma of the pancreas 1000 mg/m² IV infusion over 30 minutes once/week x7 weeks; rest 1 week, THEN 1000 mg/m² IV on Days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle Various regimens exist including monotherapy and in combination with other chemotherapy agents (eg, erlotinib, paclitaxel protein bound, capecitabine) Non-small Cell Lung Cancer 1000 mg/m² IV infusion over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle, OR 1250 mg/m² IV infusion over 30 minutes on days 1...
... Show moreContraindication
Concurrent radical radiotherapy; pregnancy, lactation; hypersensitivity.
Mode of Action
Gemcitabine is a synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside and cytarabine analogue which is metabolised intracellularly to active diphosphate and triphosphate nucleosides. It inhibits DNA synthesis by inhibiting DNA polymerase and ribonucleotide reductase. It also induces apoptosis and is primarily active against cells in the S-phase, but may also arrest cells at the G1-S border.
Precaution
Children, hepatic and renal impairment. May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Discontinue on 1st sign of microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia. Prolonged infusion time (>60 minutes) and more frequent than wkly dosing may increase toxicity. Monitor CBC before every dose. Increased risk of haemolytic uraemic syndrome and/or thrombocytcpenic purpura which may lead to irreversible renal failure.
Lactation: not known if excreted in breast milk; do not nurse
Side Effect
>10%
N/V (69%),Anemia (65%),Elev LFTs (68%),Neutropenia (63%),Leukopenia (62%),Pain (48%),Proteinuria (45%),Fever (41%),Hematuria (35%),Rash (30%),Thrombocytopenia (24%),Dyspnea (23%),Constipation (23%),Diarrhea (19%),Flu-like syndrome (19%),Hemorrhage (17%),BUN increased (16%),Infection (16%),Alopecia (15%),Edema (13%),Elev bilirubin (13%)
1-10%
Paresthesia (2-10%),Creatinine increased (2-8%),Inj site reactions (4%),Bronchospasm (2%)
Potentially Fatal: Oesophagitis and pneumonitis when given with radical radiotherapy to the thorax.
Interaction
May increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin when used together.
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