The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) test measures the level of ALP enzymes in the blood. ALP is found in several tissues throughout the body, including the liver, bones, kidneys, and bile ducts. It plays a role in breaking down proteins. This test is commonly used to evaluate liver function, bone health, and bile duct obstruction.

Liver Cancer, Cirrhosis, Hepatitis, Paget’s Disease, Bone Disorders, Bile Duct Disease

Range Low < 150 U/L Normal 150-350 U/L High > 350 U/L The range of ALP amongst individuals varies with age, gender and blood type. ALP levels in teenagers and children can be high as their bones are still developing.

Interpretation

• Elevated ALP levels can indicate:
  • Liver diseases such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer.
  • Bone disorders like Paget’s disease, bone cancer, or osteomalacia.
  • Bile duct obstruction or cholestasis.
  • Pregnancy (particularly in the third trimester, due to placental ALP).
• Low ALP levels may suggest:
  • Malnutrition or deficiencies in vitamins and minerals (like zinc).
  • Hypophosphatasia (a rare genetic disorder affecting bones and teeth).

Sample Type

The test requires a blood sample, typically drawn from a vein in your arm.