These are antibodies produced by a person’s own immune system that target his or her own histones. Histones are proteins that are a part of chromatin, the genetic material present in the nucleus of almost all cells within the body. Because histones are found inside cells, this attack on “self” can cause symptoms throughout the body.

Today, anti-histone antibodies are still used as a marker for systemic lupus erythematosus, but are also implicated in other autoimmune diseases like Sjögren syndrome, dermatomyositis, or rheumatoid arthritis. Anti-histone antibodies can be used as a marker for drug-induced lupus.

<40 U/mL

Anti-histone antibodies are autoantibodies that target histone proteins, which are found in the cell nucleus and play a role in DNA packaging. These antibodies are associated with several autoimmune diseases, including drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here's how to interpret the results of the Anti-Histone Antibody test: Positive Anti-Histone Antibody Test: A positive result indicates the presence of anti-histone antibodies in the blood. Anti-histone antibodies are commonly associated with drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE), a condition similar to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that is triggered by exposure to certain medications. Medications commonly associated with DILE include hydralazine, procainamide, isoniazid, and some anticonvulsants. Anti-histone antibodies can also be found in a subset of individuals with idiopathic SLE, particularly those with milder disease manifestations. Interpretation in Clinical Context: The interpretation of the Anti-Histone Antibody test results should be done in conjunction with the patient's clinical history, symptoms, and other laboratory findings. Positive anti-histone antibodies, particularly in the context of medication use, may support the diagnosis of drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE). However, anti-histone antibodies are not specific to DILE and can also be found in idiopathic SLE and other autoimmune diseases. Follow-up and Management: Individuals with positive anti-histone antibodies and suspected DILE or SLE may require further evaluation and management by a rheumatologist or other specialists. Treatment for DILE involves discontinuation of the offending medication and symptomatic management of lupus-like symptoms. In individuals with idiopathic SLE, treatment may involve immunosuppressive medications to control inflammation and prevent disease flares. Pregnancy Considerations: Anti-histone antibodies can cross the placenta and may be associated with neonatal lupus syndrome in infants born to mothers with SLE or DILE. Pregnant women with positive anti-histone antibodies may require close monitoring and specialized care to manage pregnancy complications and reduce the risk of neonatal lupus. In summary, the interpretation of the Anti-Histone Antibody test results involves considering the presence or absence of these antibodies in the context of the individual's clinical history and symptoms to aid in the diagnosis and management of drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and other autoimmune diseases.

Blood