The thyroid gland, located in the lower neck, regulates body weight, temperature, metabolism, and mood through thyroid hormones. A TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) blood test diagnoses thyroid function, measuring how well the pituitary gland signals the thyroid. Abnormal TSH levels indicate underactive (hypothyroidism) or overactive (hyperthyroidism) thyroid activity, leading to symptoms like weight changes, hair loss, fatigue, mood swings, and menstrual irregularities. TSH testing is crucial for early diagnosis, routine health checks, pregnancy, and conditions like goitre, PCOS, and autoimmune disorders. Treatment and medication adjustments depend on TSH test results.

Risk Assessment:

• High TSH: May indicate hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)

• Low TSH: May suggest hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)

• TSH levels are also used to monitor thyroid hormone replacement therapy or treatment for hyperthyroidism.

Age Reference Range:

• Day of birth 3.84–11.75 mU/l
• 1 month 1.18–3.57 mU/l
• 1 year 1.17–3.55 mU/l 5 years
• 1.15–3.47 mU/l
• 12 years 1.09–3.31 mU/l
• 18 years 1.05–3.16 mU/l
• Adult 0.46 to 4.68 mIU/L

Interpretation:

• Low TSH levels: This can indicate that the thyroid is overactive (hyperthyroidism), where the thyroid produces too much hormone, leading to a decrease in TSH production from the pituitary gland.
• High TSH levels: This can suggest hypothyroidism, where the thyroid is underactive and the pituitary gland compensates by producing more TSH to stimulate the thyroid.
• Normal TSH levels: Typically indicate normal thyroid function, but additional tests (like free T3 and T4 levels) may be required to confirm normal thyroid health.

Sample Type:

• Blood sample: Typically drawn from a vein in your arm.