Pregnancy Therapy not indicated for use in pregnancy; there are no data with use in pregnant women; however, epidemiologic studies and meta-analyses have not found an increased risk of genital or nongenital birth defects (including cardiac anomalies and limb-reduction defects) following exposure to combined hormonal contraceptives (estrogen and progestins) before conception or during early pregnancy Lactation Therapy not indicated for use in females of reproductive potential; estrogens present in human milk and can reduce milk production in breast-feeding females; reduction can occur at any time but is less likely to occur once breast-feeding is well- established