Overview

The Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) IgM antibody test is a serological test that detects IgM antibodies against H. pylori, a bacteria associated with gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. The presence of IgM suggests an early or recent infection.

Indications for Testing:

• Suspected H. pylori infection with recent onset of symptoms (gastritis, dyspepsia,epigastric pain).
• Differentiating between recent and past H. pylori exposure.

Risk Factors for H. pylori Infection:

• Poor sanitation and contaminated food/water
• Close contact with infected individuals
• Crowded living conditions
• Low socioeconomic status.

Normal Range

• Negative: < Cutoff value (varies by lab, typically <0.9 U/mL or <1.1 OD ratio)
• Equivocal: Borderline values (needs repeat test)
• Positive: > Cutoff value (suggests recent infection)

Always interpret results in correlation with clinical symptoms and additional tests (IgG, stool antigen, urea breath test, biopsy if needed).

Interpretation of Results

Negative (< Cutoff Value): No recent H. pylori infection or undetectable levels of IgM. May need further testing (IgG, stool antigen, or urea breath test).

Borderline/Equivocal: Uncertain; retesting may be required in 2 weeks.

Positive (> Cutoff Value): Recent or ongoing H. pylori infection. IgG testing may help confirm chronic infection.

Sample Type

• Specimen: Venous blood sample (Serum)
• Collection Tube: Red-top or serum separator tube (SST)
• Processing: Centrifuge and store at 2-8°C if not tested immediately.